Roman type has roots in Italian printing of the late 15th and early 16th centuries, but Times New Roman's design has no connection to Rome or to the Romans. In Times New Roman's name, Roman is a reference to the regular or roman style (sometimes also called Antiqua), the first part of the Times New Roman family to be designed. After one year, the design was released for commercial sale. The new design made its debut in The Times on 3 October 1932. The main change was that the contrast between strokes was enhanced to give a crisper image. Morison proposed an older Monotype typeface named Plantin as a basis for the design, and Times New Roman mostly matches Plantin's dimensions. This matched a common trend in printing tastes of the period. It has become one of the most popular typefaces of all time and is installed on most desktop computers.Īsked to advise on a redesign, Morison recommended that The Times change their text typeface from a spindly nineteenth-century face to a more robust, solid design, returning to traditions of printing from the eighteenth century and before. It was commissioned by the British newspaper The Times in 1931 and conceived by Stanley Morison, the artistic adviser to the British branch of the printing equipment company Monotype, in collaboration with Victor Lardent, a lettering artist in The Times's advertising department. Units 1 and 2 had been shut down in 19, respectively.Īpril 2006: Gorbachev writes that the Chernobyl disaster, “even more than my launch of perestroika, was perhaps the real cause of the collapse of the Soviet Union.Times New Roman is a serif typeface.
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May 14, 1986: Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev speaks publicly about the incident for the first time, saying on state TV that “the worst is behind us.”Īugust 25-29, 1986: The International Atomic Energy Agency hosts a conference at which scientists blame the accident not just on human error and a subpar safety culture, but also on Soviet reactor design flaws.ĭecember 15, 2000: Unit 3, the last working reactor at Chernobyl, is shut down. May 9, 1986: Workers begin pouring concrete under the reactor, which is later encased in an enormous concrete and metal structure known as the sarcophagus.
Igor Kostin/Sygma/Getty Images Sarcophagus Constructed Around Damaged Reactor Here, an employee stands in front of a radiation sign at the sarcophagus a few years after its construction. Over a hurried construction period of 206 days, crews erected a steel and cement sarcophagus to entomb the damaged reactor. READ MORE: 8 Things You May Not Know About Chernobyl May 8, 1986: Workers finish draining about 20,000 tons of radioactive water from the basement under the core. Meanwhile, Soviet officials finally close schools in Kiev and advise residents to stay inside and to not eat leafy vegetables. May 6, 1986: Radioactive emissions drop sharply, possibly because the fire in the core has burned itself out. Other aspects of the cleanup, which involves up to 800,000 workers, include bulldozing contaminated villages, shooting contaminated pets and livestock, and burying huge amounts of contaminated topsoil. May 4, 1986: Liquid nitrogen is pumped underneath the dead reactor in order to cool it. May 1, 1986: Soviet officials refuse to cancel the May Day festivities in Kiev, even as radiation continues to be released unabated. officials with their first glimpse of the devastation wrought by the Chernobyl disaster. Soviet officials admit that there’s been an accident, but they falsely state the situation is under control.Īpril 29, 1986: Spy satellite photos provide U.S. He later dies of radiation poisoning.Īpril 28, 1986: Swedish air monitors detect a large amount of radiation in the atmosphere, which is traced back to the USSR. Despite all evidence to the contrary, the nuclear engineer in charge of the test insists that reactor No.
Walls and equipment collapse, and dozens of fires start up, including one on top of the neighboring reactor. A blackout roils the plant as the air fills with dust and graphite chunks, and radiation begins spewing out. Patrick Landmann/Getty Images An Unexpected Power Surge Triggers DisasterĪpril 26, 1986, 1:23:04 a.m.: The test officially begins, and an unexpected power surge occurs.Īpril 26, 1986, 1:23:40 a.m.: An operator presses the emergency shutdown button, but the control rods jam as they enter the core.Īpril 26, 1986, 1:23:58 a.m.: The first explosion, to be quickly followed by at least one more, blows the 1,000-ton roof right off the reactor and shoots a fireball high into the night sky. Reactor unit 4 was the one that blew up on April 26, 1986. The control panel of reactor unit 4 inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone and nuclear power plant in 2006.
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